Pricing paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pricing paper - Essay Example The pricing for these automobiles are determinant with the comfort and luxury they provide (Genat 12). Determinants of the price The main determinants of pricing and demand are fairly similar between the general market and the hybrid market, but differ significantly between vehicle models or brands. Pricing of luxury and non-luxury automobile differs due to this consideration. In particular, it is revealed that a relatively strong partiality for fuel resourcefulness exists in the markets for hybrids cars, some vehicle brands, and automobiles (Thatchenkery 32). This affinity for fuel resourcefulness, however, is characteristically overshadowed by stronger fondness for horsepower, comfort, safety and weight, characteristics that are pessimistically associated to a vehicle’s fuel market. The 2014 Chevrolet Malibu positioned at fifteen out of twenty two affordable midsize vehicles. This ranking is associated with analysis of available reviews and test drives of the car, as well as dependability and protection data. Automotive experts confirm that the 2014 Chevrolet Malibu has a calm and pleasantly designed interior that is built with typically soft-touch materials. Reviewers confirm that the Malibu has relaxed and spacious front seats. These luxury qualities are pricing determinants for such model or products. Chevy enhanced rear passenger room, but detractors claim that the Malibu’s rear seat requires more legroom. Other reliable influences on demand and pricing comprise brand or model-based status, protection ratings, and brand manufacturers, even though the competitive benefit gained by individual nationality over another differs between models (Malibu 1-2). The external pressures on demand incorporated in the hybrid condition boost the model’s descriptive power but do not overshadow the influence of vehicle conditions. However, issues such as convenience-based incentives, environmentalism, median returns, average travel time, and age all ha ve important effects on hybrid demand and pricing, while tax- and cost- based incentives and other demographic issues do not seem to arouse purchase of hybrids. Gas price only income as important if not scheming for environmentalism, which is probable a result of the cross-sectional environment of the data. Recent changes in the supply and demand 2014 Chevrolet Malibu prices are not affected so much by supply and demand since they are customized to targeted consumers. Rebates and incentives are marketing tactics that are used to introduce new models in the market. Rebates are available on 2014 Chevrolet Malibu as promotional tactics. If one is in the market for a novel vehicle, they compare the latest car discounts or incentives being offered at dealerships rate (Malibu 1-2). This keeps car shoppers knowledgeable with frequently updated information on financing offers, cash rebates, and leasing opportunities that are currently accessible on every model and model. Consumers browse ca r rebates and incentives from manufacturer, or vehicle. They compare rebates and incentives on different models. This is a trend shoppers use to ensure they purchase the products at best deal. Rebates on products are marketing and promotion tactics that guide pricing of product to meet desired demands. External Influences External influences are pricing considerations that companies must put into consideration to ensure they attain market share. Details concerning federal

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 17

Analysis - Essay Example The prices of groceries are determined by the interaction between demand and supply as with any other marketable product. Both the consumers and suppliers rely on quantity and prices as a signal to adjust respective demand and supply of groceries in the market. But as groceries are necessary items and widely available in any market due to competitive market, it has significant buyers purchase decisions. The supply curve plots the relationship between quantity and prices of US grocery industry s that are able to procure and sell products in open market. Assuming that the market structure is perfectly competitive, the basic law of supply states that with the increase in prices of groceries in the market, the suppliers will response positively by increasing supply with the objective to earn more profits. Conversely, as the supply of groceries become abundant the suppliers negatively react by lessening procurement and supply of groceries in the market in order to cut losses that gradually leads to the fall in prices of groceries. Now, in the given case, Albertsons parent Cerberus is buying Safeway for over $9 billion. Many analyst have noted that the move was an attempt to acquire top spot in the US groceries industries. In US, over 19 percent market share is owned by Kroger followed by Safeway which is at present the second largest chain following Kroger. The merger will impact the demand-supply equation because post-merger it is expected that Kroger would operate with 2,640 stores whereas Albertsons would operate with 2,400 stores. The chart depicted above reveals that the volatility in market regarding the supply of groceries modifies the basic supply curve by shifting position. The analysis of supply movements of groceries indicate that when the curve shifts from S1 to S2 (right-side), it is an indication that there is an increase in supply of groceries in market, assuming

Secondary Quantitative Data Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Secondary Quantitative Data - Essay Example So we are concerned with research carried out by making effective use of existing quantitative data. That is, whereas in primary research both data collection and analysis is used, in secondary research, "creative analytic techniques [are applied] to data that have been amassed by others" (Kiecolt, 1985). Another important distinction to note given that this study examines the strengths and weaknesses of using secondary quantitative data is that secondary data is that which has been collected for another purpose but later reanalyzed for use in another piece of research. This of course brings to question the validity of doing this, the rationale for conducting secondary research, its advantages and limitations. Examples of the types of secondary quantitative data are the following: Official records relating to births, marriages and deaths; records relating to crime, divorce, voting patterns etc.; the census; records held by academic, business and other organizations. The census is a special type of secondary dataset due to it being obligatory. Other regular or ad hoc surveys also provide useful statistical information. Some sources for using secondary data include surveys conducted by organizations, economic data, university academia research, national and international statistics, and opinion polls. Secondary analysis can be used on a variety of quantitative data including cohort, time-series, trend, and so on. The widespread use of secondary data in social science research probably dates back to the 'secondary data movement' of the 1960s when there was "a growing emphasis upon the use of secondary data in research, with important developments in social indicators analysis, the rise of survey archives, and the overall development of quantitative social research all playing a part." (Sobal, 1982) Secondary quantitative data is used to a great extent in economics and geography amongst the social science disciplines. Uses of Secondary Data (Strengths) Often, the greatest advantages to using secondary quantitative data are the cost and time saving benefits, and the simpler process for obtaining it. It is simply quicker and cheaper to obtain quantitative data from secondary sources than it would be from primary sources through gathering data oneself. In contrast to secondary research, primary research, specifically data collection, is a more complex procedure, typically takes a lot of time, and usually costs more to carry out. It also requires appropriate skills, access to people or sites, special equipment and other resources etc. These requirements are not an issue for obtaining secondary data. There are also issues of "declining resources for research in the social sciences" (Kiecolt, 1985) and climatic constraints, which makes it expedient to rely on existing survey data. Moreover, in this Information Age, an abundance of quantitative data is available nowadays, particularly in libraries and on the Internet. As Kiecolt points ou t in 'Secondary Analysis of Survey Data': "With data already collected, the costs are only those of obtaining the data, preparing them for analysis (such as ensuring that all data are computer-ready and compatible with the system), and

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 17

Analysis - Essay Example The prices of groceries are determined by the interaction between demand and supply as with any other marketable product. Both the consumers and suppliers rely on quantity and prices as a signal to adjust respective demand and supply of groceries in the market. But as groceries are necessary items and widely available in any market due to competitive market, it has significant buyers purchase decisions. The supply curve plots the relationship between quantity and prices of US grocery industry s that are able to procure and sell products in open market. Assuming that the market structure is perfectly competitive, the basic law of supply states that with the increase in prices of groceries in the market, the suppliers will response positively by increasing supply with the objective to earn more profits. Conversely, as the supply of groceries become abundant the suppliers negatively react by lessening procurement and supply of groceries in the market in order to cut losses that gradually leads to the fall in prices of groceries. Now, in the given case, Albertsons parent Cerberus is buying Safeway for over $9 billion. Many analyst have noted that the move was an attempt to acquire top spot in the US groceries industries. In US, over 19 percent market share is owned by Kroger followed by Safeway which is at present the second largest chain following Kroger. The merger will impact the demand-supply equation because post-merger it is expected that Kroger would operate with 2,640 stores whereas Albertsons would operate with 2,400 stores. The chart depicted above reveals that the volatility in market regarding the supply of groceries modifies the basic supply curve by shifting position. The analysis of supply movements of groceries indicate that when the curve shifts from S1 to S2 (right-side), it is an indication that there is an increase in supply of groceries in market, assuming

Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Geology - Essay Example This then resulted to the formation of the sun and planets that make up the solar system (Seeds 80). This has been supported by the ratio of the aluminum isotopes found in the meteorites that were formed when the molecular cloud collapsed. The scientists came up with a model that explains the unusual levels that the isotope contained (Seeds 79). They stated that the levels could have been because the isotopes were being fed in the molecular cloud at the time the supernova event was occurring. The seismic waves caused by the supernova event were hot in nature thus when they collided with the cold molecular cloud of gas resulted to it colliding. This consequently led to the formation of the solar system. As it is seen the death of the star that was caused by the seismic waves that were a result of the supernova event made way for the solar system to be formed. This helps us to understand the fact that the solar system came into existence as a result of the death of a star (Seeds

Reflection on Economics Class

Reflection on Economics Class What does it mean for me to be a college student from the perspective of economic class? Section I: introduction I believe that economic class has long been a central theme within higher education and that is why I am going to argue this issue in my essay. There is a big difference between social class and economic class: social classes are the hierarchical arrangements of people in society or as in the social sciences, it can be best defined social stratification. On the other hand, economic class means how much money one has. In political philosophy and sociology, the most basic difference among economic classes is between the powerful and the powerless. So, I can simply conclude that the more money one has the more power that goes along (Drake 1). When I first read this, I remembered the early theory of Karl Marx who saw human beings interested more in material concerns rather than grand ideas which created a separation of effort and a division of classes depending on wealth and power (Cline 3). In turn, he defined the economic class as how one class directs the process of production while t he other class is directed and provide services. However, I found a much simpler view; when a small company’s owner or even a manager of a company, whatever it is, orders another employee who gets less salary than him to do a certain job, the employee is to finish the job without questioning his manager. Yet, if he was asked from a concierge, he wouldn’t listen. So, I can add to my previous conclusion that the person, who has more money and power, gets more attention and obedience that leads to persuasiveness. That persuasiveness works through the ethos and the logos of money (Drake 1). The purpose for this essay is to argue an answer to the premise question, what does it mean for me to be a college student from the perspective of economic class? Which I guess is not a simple task because this question relates to many perspectives such as academic, social, ethnic, cultural conditions and forces. Since I am talking about the higher education and how it relates to economic class, I will give a brief example on how both are related to each others. Let’s take two students equal in academic abilities but not in economic classes; one has more money than the other. Both got fairly good grade in high school let’s say a B and they are now thinking about what universities they have the chance to apply to. The low economic class student has limited options because he can’t afford private universities fees and even if he can, he will still be thinking about how he is going to live among students from higher class, on the other hand, the high economic class student gets more options in too many different universities and can graduate as a doctor if he wants. Therefore, lots of students from the low class don’t enter universities because they either feel disappointed about it or go directly to work because he thinks about earning money. Some students may underestimate the significance of arguing an answer to such a question because they haven’t heard about what Lester Faigley wrote in Fragments of Rationality that the modeling of subjects is not as much related to being a good writer or having good sources as from the effects of experiencing the effects of what one writes about (Faigley 23). Moreover, James Berlin argues that college rhetorical curriculum should not only guide learners through their future careers, but also help them become active members of political change and social (Mays 1). Both the ideas suggest that we should study our culture leading us to think about our main question â€Å"what does it mean to me to be a college student from the perspective of economic class?† Hence, I am going to argue this question via three different points of view: 1. Functional/practical section 2. Human/personal section 3. Functional and human section. Section II: Arguing an answer from the extreme of functional/practical The purpose of this section is to argue a functional/practical answer to the premise question, what does it mean for me to be a college student from the perspective of economic class? The group supporting this section would think rationally about the question. It might bring into play Taha Hussein’s famous quote â€Å"We should not expect proper, productive, efficient education from a university whose staff does not enjoy freedom and independence. He wants to point out that many Universities in Egypt are losing their freedom at the hands of dictatorial, corrupt rulers (Hassan). One of the most efficient reasons is the very high demand on Egyptian collages every year which helps corruptors to hide their actions (Hassan). As a result, this group would says that higher education should be only for students who get high grades because these are the kind of scholars who will be able to cope with the tough system of higher education, appreciate the true meaning of being educated an d do much more effort than that of others. In this way they will be decreasing the number of students leading to better education for hard workers. The second issue that this group will address is the supply of employees in high positions (Clotfelter 2). A functional/practical student would think that high positions such as managers or supervisors require uniquely educated people, not just any university graduate. Those people are students who graduated from universities with high GPAs by their own effort not with the help of private universities which is entered with money. This group thinks that these graduates can be the best performers in their work positions only because of their grades and that they will be the best role models for the other employees so, other employees who are working under them would simply conform to every order they ask for. Section III: Arguing an answer from the extreme of human/personal. The purpose for this section is to argue a human/personal answer to the question, what does it mean for me to be a college student from the perspective of economic class? As an AUC student, I have got the chance to deal with almost all economic classes. To make it easier, I can say that we have two main classes; students who pay tuition and students who come on a scholarship. Students, who pay fees, kind of disdain others who don’t. They don’t say the true reason behind this hatred but I guess there are two very obvious reasons: the first is some are jealous of the fact that these students are better academically. Secondly some others might think that these students’ economic class doesn’t allow them be a part of the AUC community. Whether they are supporters to the first or the second opinion, this group will argue an answer to the premise question from the extreme human/personal view. The American University in Cairo is the most expensive in Egypt and pr obably in the Middle East, so many students feel cocky about being in such a university. In other words, AUC is quite exclusive to economic position. But imagine how these elite students feel when they become equal to others who don’t have as much money. AUC has long been known for having the highest economic class in Egypt, yet this idea for many AUCians has changed after the scholarship concept was applied on a wider scale. The elite students think that AUC is not a place that can fit both economic classes because that shakes their image towards outsiders who though that AUC had only the rich students. Although it is a non profitable organization, AUC is a very successful university because of the huge amount of money that students pay and after the tuitions were raised some students thought it was so that the university can afford paying for the scholarship students. Everybody wants to have power, to be noticed and get the attention of the others; that’s exactly what the higher economic class student in the AUC and his parents are thinking of. He already has climbed half the ladder because of his parents’ wealth and position and he is going to continue after graduating by getting a high position in a company that his fathers’ is a VIP costumer, paying bribe or at least inherit his father’s business. Only eleven percent of the kids from poor families graduate from collages and less than nineteen percent of the eleven percent have the chance to be among the high class (Eckholm 1). So these students are considered by the higher class the directed ones; however, since work places for the people who direct are few and scholarship concept is applied in many universities, the working class is now becoming a threat because they are now part of the competition. Section IV: A Synthesis of Oppositional Extremes We can’t think about the premise question in a complete functional/practical way because by doing so, we will have education inequality and we will be limiting education to the students with high grades only. We wouldn’t be considering many other things such as a student who was sick at the day of the exam or another who is not good at a certain subject that lowered his GPA, those who don’t perform well in the test environment and many other reasons. We should all be given equal chances to learn. Take Einstein for instance; although, he had speech difficulties when he was young and scored Cs when he was in elementary school, he became one of the best known physicists in the world who made new theories. Some other people when put in the real situation, they appreciate and act. This is what is called closed doors situation; some students may score low grades in elementary schools but when they see that the university is their path for their future career, they act. Regarding the second point that was argued; it has been proven that students’ GPAs can’t be considered the only meter when it comes to the working field (Smith 2). Many reasons were showed but the most important were the student’s leadership personality and experience. These reasons might not qualify the hard working student to work in a high position despite the fact that he was one of the best learners in his school. We can’t also accept the human/personal point of view because in that way we will still be having an education inequality like in that of the Middle Ages when education was only for students from rich families. In that way we will be limiting the good education only to families who have money. So, what if there is, let’s say, one student from the lower class who might be in the future Ahmed Zowail or Farouk El Baz. Why wouldn’t we give him the opportunity to enjoy a good education that will definitely help him? In turn, this student will be the best image not only to his university and colleagues but also to his country. The second point that was argued by this group was gaining or let’s say inheriting power and respect by the help of their parents by entering expensive universities then owning their father’s business after wards. However, what if these students are not qualified to run such a business not because of their educational background or grades but because of what they are. It even makes a bigger problem when there is one of the working class who can fit perfectly in this business and at the same time working under a boss that is running his father’s business and not that good in managing the company. How will the boss react when he finds out that there is a better guy him? How will the man from the working class react to orders that he is sure they are wrong? Will he conform to orders to save himself from getting fired or will he follow his beliefs and resist because he knows that what he is doing is the right thing? I appreciate that everyone has a dream he wants to reach and that some parents are forcing pressure on their children to make them become a doctor or an engineer without taking into consideration their abilities or what they like. However, God created us humans with different abilities and whether we like it or not, we have to accept it. Not all students can become doctors only because they earn a lot of money. We can’t think like that because doctors or any other job that makes money can’t replace the entire exciting jobs. Who knows maybe god blessed us with a certain gift in a specific place to change the world. I bet that it is becoming very confusing and difficult to find a clear answer to the premise question because we can accept neither the functional/practical nor the human/personal only. The functional/practical student is always thinking about studying hard in order to succeed and get high grades to find a good job whereby he can change his economic class to the better. On the other hand, power, money respect and attention are all what the human personal student is thinking about and he is ready to do anything in order to reach this goal whether by paying bribes or his father’s help; it doesn’t matter how, all it matters is to be able to reach this goal. That is why we can’t accept either. However, I have found that the combination between the functional/practical extreme and the human/personal extreme is the way to find a fairly good answer to the premise question. I am not asking low and high economic class to be friend or to even pretend to be because we all k now that they will never be. However, all students should be given equal opportunities to learn and enter universities but there is something that has to be changed within ourselves; how we look at professions like a plumber or a carpenter. As long as we look to these professions as a despicable job, students won’t be interested in any of them leaving free spaces in these jobs. Students with super powers like the genies boy that we have here in AUC or even learners with high grades should be noticed from the elementary school then indicate their part of power then work on with them to improve it. In such world, competition is allowed but people have to understand that they aren’t necessarily going to gain power in an inherited field. They should also understand that even if they gained money and power, they won’t gain people’s respect because they know that this authority is not self-made. Therefore, everyone should peruse the career that he loves the car eer that he thinks he can make a change in and be creative. It might take longer time to prove its success but when the goal is reached, it can never be imagined. Section V: Significance Now the picture is complete and I have got the true meaning behind these three topics. They are by a way or another all related to each others. Students cheat to reach a better economic class and what motivated them to cheat is the corrupt business that was the reason for the discrimination. This and the two previous essays had a lot of significance to me because it allowed me see things although in front of my eyes, they were hidden. These major writing assignments may not change ethics about cheating, beliefs regarding gender or my vision towards people from lower class. However, discovering and analyzing many point of views made me aware of the world we are living in and the system that controls us. Works Cited Introduction http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic Chris Mays, â€Å"refiguring college English studies† by http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:KV6Y_ak5zm8J:www.case.edu/artsci/engl/emmons/writing/journals/Mays_RhetoricsPoetics.pdf+james+berlin+signifying+practicehl=engl=egpid=blsrcid=ADGEESi7NvANHhwWJdR7vv8ZmhFYNFZY7ZYPxNhFQooxd8u4bTxsL-Hn7o1DJSuMjbGLsY2zf-f2d5Xlc4FcDMEkfta3vzhJ_104d7TV-phFeNBSLgppyKRWhP1Uv_LdBZyjzM-xY0MEsig=AHIEtbQYCj5QUcEX3TUcx2-3zao5rjXLLQ Lester Faigley, â€Å"fragments of rationality† http://books.google.com.eg/books?id=2SC8Qj1n6QYCpg=PA23lpg=PA23dq=the+production+of+a+student+subject+is+a+chief+outcome+for+a+course+in+compositionsource=blots=dZpPLuvlowsig=xutV-VqS_r5PVqJDVgSZHT-2Zr8hl=enei=9UzfS_TaAsmO_Aa0p7X_Bgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CAgQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=the%20production%20of%20a%20student%20subjectf=false Amar Ali Hassan, â€Å"restrain and corrupt universities† http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/opinion/restrained-and-corrupt-universities Austin Cline, â€Å"The Economics of Society and Religion† http://atheism.about.com/od/philosophyofreligion/a/marx_3.htm ERIK ECKHOLM, â€Å"Higher Education Gap May Slow Economic Mobility† February 20, 2008 http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/20/us/20mobility.html?_r=1 Charles T. Clotfelter, â€Å"Higher education and social class: issues of exclusion and inclusion† http://www.google.com/books?hl=enlr=id=VqrpCX1k4XoCoi=fndpg=PR8dq=social+class+higher+educationots=h2OyaME3iKsig=a5D8JXwmsWoTloYfOVaDO-0MpA0#v=onepageqf=false

Rabies :: Biology Medical Disease Rabies

Rabies Rabies virus belongs to the Lyssavirus family in which all the members are animal viruses mainly found in bats and are of a bullet-like shape. The virus is usually spread through bites or scratches. Rabies was first suspected in bats in Brazil during the 1910s. In 1931, it was diagnosed for the first time in Trinidad. Rabies is most common in Asia and found more in wild animals than in domestic animals or humans. There has only been one person who miraculously survived rabies even though she had never been previously exposed to it. Rabies virus belongs to the order Mononegavirales, and within this group, it falls into the Rhabdoviridae family because of its shape. This family includes three genera of animal viruses: Lyssavirus, Ephemerovirus, and Vesiculovirus. The genus Lyssavirus includes the rabies virus and other viruses that are mainly found in bats. The Rabies virus has a distinct bullet-like shape. The length of the virus structure is of about 180 nm with a cross-sectional diameter of about 75nm. Like a bullet, one end of the virus is rounded and the other end is planar or concave. The genome encodes 5-proteins: nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G), and polymerase (L). The two major structural components of viruses like rabies that fall under the rhabdoviruses family are: a helical ribonucleoprotein core (RNP) and a surrounding envelope. Rabies is an RNA virus. The arrangements of the five proteins and the RNA genome determine the structure of the rabies virus. The genome is a single-stranded, non-segmented, RNA of about 12kb that is followed by the five proteins. The rabies virus is usually spread through bites or scratches, abrasions, or through open wounds in the skin when saliva (and in certain conditions, the urine) from an infected animal that makes contact with the open flesh. The virus-induced, aggressive biting-behavior in the infected animal, along with the viral budding into the salivary glands, maximize the chances of viral infection to a new host. Rabies has been around for many years causing the deaths of animals as well as humans. During the 1910s, rabies in bats was suspected in Brazil. In 1931, it was definitively diagnosed for the first time in Trinidad in Latin America. Since 1985, bats have been the main rabies reservoirs identified. Bats are, and have been, the number one source of infection for the cases diagnosed in domestic animals every year. Recently in 2001, forty-nine U.S.